Systems and Economic Data for High Tunnel Melon Production

Research results by Cornell University Regional Vegetable Specialist Elisabeth Hodgdon, Ph.D., and Regional Agriculture Business Specialist Lindsey Pashow provide growers with data and insight into the production and economic factors that influence the opportunity to profitably produce cantaloupe in a high tunnel environment.

Increasing consumer interest in local foods availability and the proliferation of high tunnels – heated and unheated – combine to generate local produce sales earlier in the year and extend income opportunities through year-end for New York growers. Research results by Cornell University Regional Vegetable Specialist Elisabeth Hodgdon, Ph.D., and Regional Agriculture Business Specialist Lindsey Pashow provide growers with data and insight into the production and economic factors that influence the opportunity to profitably produce cantaloupe in a high tunnel environment.

Hodgdon and Pashow conducted production trials of three different growing systems with two different varieties of cantaloupe melons in 2023 and 2024. They additionally developed economic budgets for each variety, each system, and each year. This work was funded by the farmer-driven Northern New York Agricultural Development Program. The complete project report is posted at nnyagdev.org.

“In both years, each melon production system in the trials: untrellised, vertical mesh, and double leader resulted in a net profit; however, growers need to carefully consider factors such as the labor and expenses of each type of growing system,” said Hodgdon.

Enterprise budgets were extrapolated for full production load in a 30x 96-foot high tunnel. Net income by variety in the 2024 trials ranged from $1,451.78 for the mesh-grown Tasty Bites (200 plants per tunnel) to $3,473.78 for the mesh grown Sugar Cube (200 plants per tunnel).

The two-year average net income ranged from $1,690.11 for the mesh-grown Tasty Bites (200 plants per tunnel) to $2,624.67 for the untrellised Sugar Cube (160 plants per tunnel).

“We often compare the net income opportunities of the crops we trial for high tunnel production with that for consumer-popular and profitable high tunnel-grown tomatoes. A skilled high tunnel tomato grower with strong markets and pricing may prefer to continue with that crop; however, if a grower has multiple tunnels, an interest in diversifying crop offerings, and local marketing potential for melons, melons may be a profitable option,” Pashow commented.

The enterprise budget calculations include fixed costs for land and equipment and 30 variable costs that include labor, crop preparation, fertilizer, beneficial insects, materials and other factors.

In 2024 the highest yielding system was the untrellised “Sugar Cube” variety producing 13.3 lbs. of marketable fruit per plant versus 9.63 lbs. per plant for untrellised “Tasty Bites” as the highest yielding system in 2023.

The total number of marketable melons per plant ranged from 4 to 6, with the mesh-trellised and untrellised treatments of the “Sugar Cube” variety producing six melons on average per plant.

NNYADP high tunnel production research to help market growers overcome the challenges of northern New York’s short growing season and weather extremes has evaluated more than a dozen crops, including tomatoes, miniature cabbages, sprouting broccoli, winter season greens, summer lettuce, fall-bearing berry crops, cut flowers, and crops not traditionally grown in high tunnels at the time, including seedless cucumbers, fresh ginger, turmeric, basil, zucchini, and green beans.

NNYADP year-to-year research results are posted under the Horticulture/Local Foods tab at nnyagdev.org.

Funding for the Northern New York Agricultural Development Program is supported by the New York State Legislature through the New York State Assembly and administrated by the New York State Department of Agriculture and Markets.

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Resource Spotlight

Northern New York Agricultural Development Program high tunnel production research to help market growers has evaluated more than a dozen crops, including tomatoes, miniature cabbages, sprouting broccoli, winter season greens, summer lettuce, fall-bearing berry crops, cut flowers, and crops not traditionally grown in high tunnels at the time, including seedless cucumbers, fresh ginger, turmeric, basil, zucchini, and green beans. Learn more at nnyagdev.org under the Local Foods/Horticulture tab.

Research Shows Ground Barrier Concept Valid for Reducing Swede Midge Damage

Research conducted in 2024 by Cornell Cooperative Extension Vegetable Specialists Elisabeth Hodgdon, Ph.D., and Christy Hoepting produced the first season-long data and grower assessment of Hoepting’s theory that the use of ground barriers over swede-infested soil could prevent the pest’s spring emergence. Three growers who had experienced significant loss to swede midge tested silage tarp and landscape fabric and saw reduction of swede midge populations. Complete results are posted on the Northern New York Agricultural Development Program website under the Research: Horticultural and Local Foods tab at nnyagdev.org.

For more information on this and other high tunnel crops production research, contact Elisabeth Hodgdon, Ph.D., 518-650-5323, eh528@cornell.edu; and Lyndsey Pashow, 518-569-3073, lep67@cornell.edu.